The following articles also could be referred for detailed calculation methods and to get aware of the . The main bridge section will be defined graphically inside SOFiPLUS with the cross 0000009334 00000 n After the input is correct and finished you may close the dialogue and process 0000040140 00000 n The The bridge geometry will be defined using the CABD concept inside SOFiPLUS. For our example the following input must be done inside the task 0000010377 00000 n The use of hidden steel beams and concrete topping [1] significantly increases the attractiveness of this type of slab. Knowing the ways and the extent to which problems can occur helps us . Z. one. stream Cracking began at the inside column interface and spread through the width of the beam. To minimize the structure depth of the new bridge carrying SH92 over the UPRR, a straddle beam was utilized. The rate of interaction between girders, designers should be cast and on beam, strain compatibility and shallow sag curve. w pre = 0.8 x 8 in x 0.15 k/ft3 x 20 ft/12 in/ft = 1.6 k/ft l= 30 ft 0000017793 00000 n Study the User's Manual of POST-TENSION.xls (a pdf file, 57 pages, see below for download options), which provides detailed guidance on how to analyse and design post-tensioned concrete. 0000048884 00000 n The method follows the requirements outlined in ACI 318-71 and uses the procedures and tables in the PCI Design Handbook. 0000047496 00000 n 0000072971 00000 n from the beam, such that tension occurs in the top of the beam, while negative displacement results in tension in the bottom of the beam. Follow the procedure explained in chapter Prestressing System CSM - Construction Stage Manager. %PDF-1.4 % >> 0000001616 00000 n through a simple PSC (Pre-stressed Concrete) bridge project and immediately the analysis. 0000002187 00000 n Post-Tensioning Method Steel tendons are stressed afterthe concrete has been placed and gained sufficient strength at the construction site Engineers during design example Some post-tensioned structures were built in Europe quite early on but the real 0000060977 00000 n 0000091816 00000 n complete document. our CSM_1.pdf manual. V.G.Kiran Kumar et al. 0000105652 00000 n Recommendations for the design of flat slabs in post tension concrete using unbonded and bonded tendons Nov 20 2021 post-tensioned concrete flat plates with spandrel beams, the details of which are presented herein. The linear analysis will be processed only for the settlement LC 51-53 and temperature Simply use the combination button inside the dialogue and generate the combinations. which are different from the basic workflow. 0000011105 00000 n Quite large span is achieved using pre-tensioned hollow core slabs. Let's discuss a little bit about the strain compatibility method. 0000014679 00000 n A basic SOFiSTiK knowledge is required for this tutorial. 0000111186 00000 n And we keep a (long and growing) list of the mistakes we've encountered along the way. Mechatronics: Electronic Control Systems in Mechan Building Design and Construction Handbook, 6th Edi How Structures Work: Design and Behaviour from Bri Download Post Tensioned Analysis & Design Free Spreadsheet. description. 4. For post tensioned concrete bridges we need the construction stages for the evaluation 0000048664 00000 n Where slabs are tensioned one way slab design example of post tensioning force, designers should be adjusted to resist a size. Cables are arranged as indicated by the engineer and chaired to run through the center of the slab. in SOFiPLUS. In addition to the consideration of Please generate a new prestressing system number 1, with a VSL 6-12 multistrand system, << The main purpose of this paper is to describe the post-tensioning methods possible to use for flat slabs of public buildings. The purpose of this article is to pre- For the final documentation, you can collect all single reports and generate a (2014) [5] shows that by . This provides the maximum drape for load-balancing. c) Post-tensioned concrete combines and optimizes today's very high strength concretes and steel to result in a practical and efficient structural system. Electricity 4: AC/DC Motors, Controls, and Mainten Multi-Story Tilt-Up Wall Design Spreadsheet, Construction Planning, Equipment and Methods, Super Composite Column Design Spreadsheet. 0000003411 00000 n cross sections. evaluation results will be saved again in a predefined action container. 1.4 .2 Stages of Post - tensioning. presented here is for Two-Way Post-Tensioned Design. General. 0000002487 00000 n Lin 2013 The Reinforced Concrete Design Manual: Anchoring to concrete Ronald Janowiak 2012-01-01 Building . 1 11-25 Anchorage Zone Design. the reinforcement before the casting of concrete. The program provides for the ultimate strength and service stress design and analysis of one-way beam and slab and two-way flat plate systems. are simplified. /Resources << 0000008067 00000 n loads LC 91-98. introduce the general work-flow showing the necessary program tools and functions. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] For residential construction, tendons at 48 inches on center are common. >> Penn State Engineering: Inspiring Change, Impacting Tomorrow The. 0000072891 00000 n Post-tensioning is used in this manner in millions of square feet of warehouse floors, sport courts, housing and specialized paving applications. % Inside this tutorial we show only the project specific workflows, Structural Durability. In terms of cracking pattern and testing behaviour, both specimens behaved very similarly. We recommend to do this analysis before the construction stage analysis to use the /F1 6 0 R Follow the procedures explained in chapter in Cross Section Definition in General Workflow description. Traffic Loads in General Workflow description. endobj 0000017442 00000 n Insert the SSD tasks CSM and fill in the Loads: Framing Dead Load = selfweight Superrimposed Dead Load = 25 psf partitions, M/E, misc. 0000011270 00000 n The standard workflow is Post-tensioning elevated concrete beams and slabs can result in thinner concrete sections and/or longer . 0000008197 00000 n POST-TENSIONED BEAM DESIGN STEP-BY-STEP CALCULATION Post-Tensioned Parking Structure Using Beam Frames and One-Way Slabs (P466) FOREWORD conditions that are not covered in the design of the example selected, but are important to know, are The example selected represents a frame of a one- introduced and discussed as comments or inserted 0000002909 00000 n << 0000057978 00000 n 0000017723 00000 n of simply supported span directions. see picture below. 0000003385 00000 n 1 Abstract The post-tensioning method is now a days increasing widely, due to its application.By using post-tensioning method one can Design the most economic and the safe Design.While using this method more precautions has to be made for shear and deflection criteria for the Slabs.The Design of Post-tensioned flat slab can be done by using load balancing and equivalent frame method. For our little In our case we are interested 0000007092 00000 n 0000073121 00000 n - The ratio of Mp to My is called as the shape factor f for the section. Live Load = 40 psf residential 2 hour fire-rating Materials: Concrete: Normal weight 150 pcf f'c = 5,000 psi f'ci = 3,000 psi Rebar: fy = 60,000 psi PT: Unbonded tendons 1/2, 0000056806 00000 n Text Editor (Teddy)) you find further informations directly in those tasks. His extensive publications on concrete design, in particular post-tensioning, are a treasured resource for practical design of conventionally reinforced or post-tensioned buildings and bridges. The following example illustrates the design methods presented in ACI 318-05 and IBC 2003. If there are any hints of new tasks that have to be modified manually (new tasks named 11-25 A. nchorAge. Presents a design procedure for computing the amount of compression steel in post-tensioned concrete beams. Excel Sheet to Calculate Requirement of Material a Project Management in Construction, Sixth Edition. 0000039910 00000 n In post- tensioning systems, the ducts for the tendons (or str and s) are placed along with. Follow the procedures explained in 0000010772 00000 n For the main bridge section we want to use a variable for the non effective parts Construction Stages in General Workflow description and In addition, there are other spreadsheets that can be used in engineering calculations. Please follow the explanations of chapter The stiffness effects of the elements were already used within the linear analysis. In post tensioning, the tension is applied to the tendons after hardening of the concrete. For further explanations please see also the chapter Usually it is convenient to separate the results for tandem axes and udl loads. The analysis follows the process of the structural design, considering in the analysis the advantages the method might present in future of the analyzed constructions, with all the advantages the method might present. For a wide-flange section, f is equal to 1.1. . = 200 kg/m2 (residential) 7m STEP 2 : Define Materials Normal weight concrete = 2,400 kg/m3 7m 0000092077 00000 n to contact this on-line broadcast Post Tensioned Concrete Design Csi uments as without diculty as evaluation them wherever you are now. 0000011132 00000 n combinations etc. 0000002935 00000 n 0% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Post-tensioned Slab Design Example For Later, The following example illustrates the design methods presented in ACI 318-05 and IBC 2003. case the user defines his own combination rules using actions only! The design of the post-tensioned bridge beam discussed in this article is in accordance with BS 8110 part 1. stages as defined in table Construction Stages above. Post-Tensioned Concrete Design Table 1-1 List of Symbols Used in the ACI 318-08 Code MbalDesign moment resistance of a section with tendons and the necessary mild reinforcement to reach the balanced condition, N-mm M u Factored moment at section, lb-in N c Tension force in concrete due to unfactored dead load plus live load, lb P anchorage details for post-tensioned floors are discussed in Chapter 6. Prestressed Concrete Design will be a valuable guide to practising engineers, students and research workers. This tutorial deals with a simple 2-span post tensioned concrete beam bridge. In every support axis we define a settlement wzz = 10 mm and save the loads within the Prestressing steel, such as strands, bars or wires . = self-weight of the structure 7m Super imposed D.L. Dr Bijan is the founder, and for over 20 years was the project leader of the software suite ADAPT that is serving the concrete design engineers in over . 0000009846 00000 n %PDF-1.5 /Parent 2 0 R Examples are given of computer spreadsheets for typical design calculations. Two Way Concrete Slab with Beams Spanning Between Supports April 21st, 2019 - Version Apr 05 2017 Two Way Concrete Floor Slab with Beams Design and Detailing Design the slab system shown in Figure 1 for an intermediate floor where the story height 12 ft column cross Polished Concrete Guide Homebuilding amp Renovating /F3 12 0 R chapter Define Actions and Loads in General Workflow The analytical model of the bridge consists only of beam elements (superstructure and columns). It How can I get a US copy of this spreadsheet? 0000105572 00000 n PT Designer is a computer program for the design and analysis of linear post-tensioned concrete floor systems. 2) The ratio of lon Post Tensioned Analysis & Design Spreadsheet, Excel sheet to Calculate Cement and Sand for Plastering, Failure Case Studies in Civil Engineering, Excel Sheet to Calculate Quantities for One and Two Way Slab. load cases 51 to 53. /Font << In our bridge example we need the following actions and load cases: After defining the load cases we generate the loads in SOFiPLUS. 0000039990 00000 n trailer <<85E97A12143C42B8B2348C0EC75DF3F1>]/Prev 453623>> startxref 0 %%EOF 152 0 obj <>stream In that case we need special combinations from UDL and Footway loads. Pre-Tensioning Method Steel tendons are stressed priorto concrete placement, usually at a precast plant remote from the construction site. Two sets of equations refined equations and simplified equationsare proposed. 0000005954 00000 n 0000027504 00000 n After decades of building and inspecting in the Post-Tensioning (PT) concrete construction industry, we've seen the best and the worst of PT construction. D. esign. Load cases which will be used later on inside the CSM should be saved witsin the /ProcSet [/PDF /Text ] Designers use post-tensioning as a way to reinforce concrete by prestressing it. from the General Workflow description. http://skghoshassociates.com/For the full recording:http://www.secure.skghoshassociates.com/product/show_group.php?group=60170201vLong span garages are very . This paper presents the analytical formulation to establish equations for the direct determination of the increase in load-carrying capacity of simple-span beams strengthened by external post-tensioned tendons. 0000056531 00000 n 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 66 0000000016 00000 n Please follow the explanations of chapter Combinations and Superpositioning from the General Workflow description. y[0\em[n/z >ZnH#'0A|%e. As you can see, we are using Generate Report from the General Workflow description. Free Structural spreadsheets for beam design, slab design, column design, foundation design, and many other designs can be downloaded from this page. 0000010745 00000 n However, much more slander slabs can be constructed using post-tensioned concrete. Structural Dynamics with Applications in Earthquak Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices Sourcebook. Post-Tensioning Construction Basics. Estimated prestress losses = 15 ksi (ACI 18.6), = 0.7 (270 ksi) - 15 ksi = 174 ksi (ACI 18.5.1), Use Equivalent Frame Method, ACI 13.7 (excluding sections 13.7.7.4-5), Total bay width between centerlines = 25 ft, Ignore column stiffness in equations for simplicity of, No pattern loading required, since LL/DL <, Two-way slab must be designed as Class U (ACI 18.3.3), Gross cross-sectional properties allowed, At service loads (ACI 18.4.2(a) and 18.3.3), Cover Requirements (2-hour fire rating, assume, For a layout with spans of similar length, the tendons will be typically be located at the highest, allowable point at the interior columns, the lowest possible point at the midspans, and the neutral. files according to the different chapters. Please see the chapter Linear Analysis in General Workflow This enables you to start in the eccentricity, e, is the distance from the center to tendon to the neutral axis; varies along the span, Prestress Force Required to Balance 75% of selfweight DL, Since the spans are of similar length, the end span will typically govern the maximum required, = 0.75 (100 psf)(25 ft) = 1,875 plf = 1.875 k/ft. middle of the tutorial if necessary. Download Post Tensioned Analysis & Design Free Spreadsheet. For that we Force needed in tendons to counteract the load in the end bay. Post Tensioned Concrete Beam Bridge - Fatigue Design, Generate System and Loads inside SOFiPLUS, Further permanent loads (for example asphalt), Creep + Shrinkage from traffic handover until t=infinity, Define variables (will be used for the main cross section), Generate master cross section within Cross Section Editor, Generate structure lines representing the main bridge construction, Use the Cross Members Editor to generate the support construction containing springs Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewat Rectangular Concrete Beam Analysis And Design Spre Principles of Foundation Engineering, Ninth Edition. All steps like modeling, loading, traffic loads, They differ substantially, however, both in the computational effort and potentially in the economy of the final design. As the post-tensioned slabs have lesser thickness, the quantity of concrete and reinforcement used is reduced upto 20% - 30% when compared to conventional concrete slabs. The vast majority of flexural . /Contents 4 0 R In prestressed members, compressive stresses are introduced into the concrete to reduce tensile stresses resulting from applied loads including the self weight of the member (dead load). 0000009680 00000 n The following video will show cross section generation workflow within the cross section example we have a small bridge with a total width of 5.6 m. PT Structures - Specialized structural engineering for post-tensioned . section editor. The flat slab with large span is achieved in this way. /Filter /FlateDecode This tutorial is based on Eurocode DIN EN 1992. Generate all necessary materials listed above. description. action container NONE. The analytical model of the bridge consists only of beam elements explained inside the General Workflow description. 0000011410 00000 n The following table show the necessary materials. All three methods, when followed correctly, result in serviceable and safe members. AASHTO LRFD 5.10.9 . The example presented here is for Two-Way Post-Tensioned Design. 0000003873 00000 n First we select an ( Stress results also doest look symmetry) 2 - The top and bottom stress differ quite significantly compared to manual calculation at mid point during stage 1 and 2. Next you define the load trains and the desired results. The loads on the footway will be defined as an extra evaluation case inside the UDL Again we recommend to add a task interactive Graphic Due to the length and heavy loading, the straddle beam was post-tensioned, which required the evaluation of the beam in all stages of construction and loading. 0000011685 00000 n CE 405: Design of Steel Structures - Prof. Dr. A. Varma In Figure 4, My is the moment corresponding to first yield and Mp is the plastic moment capacity of the cross-section. Please see the following table with the necessary input values. containing the basic temperature loads. This variable will be defined within the bridge axis definition Post Tensioned Concrete Beam Bridge Introduction Download Project Files Download data files from FTP-server: This tutorial deals with a simple 2-span post tensioned concrete beam bridge. 0000003847 00000 n in General Workflow description. =9,\Ps}-FY:[1;4p^~ *>4|As&lEXLaeL*6_5_u~](`ik|0g~(|Wud9PEB:Wp[&pgC]Ia,E{2jJ$dbtZm8_N=nEY*3nL}&_`DpZ@|E6Tl,G&J5Kc"^,$\UD5[4<5dk"&y`\Y_"Xv!a8M_S/3TGqy 0000073041 00000 n 0000002124 00000 n %2v-[;{G3. Before we define any load, we must define all necessary actions within SOFiPLUS. The program is developed around the robust computational core of two popular programs - PTData.Net and PTPlus.Net, which many engineers have come to trust over the years for its accuracy and . axis at the anchor locations. 0000060690 00000 n n post-tensioned concrete design table 1-1 list of symbols used in the aci 318-08 code mbal design moment resistance of a section with tendons and the necessary mild reinforcement to reach the balanced condition, n-mm mu factored moment at section, lb-in nc tension force in concrete due to unfactored dead load plus live load, lb pu Along the bridge axis we will use a variable for the non-effective parts of the Additional settings are not necessary. Please generate will work through the following steps: The following videos will show the main steps to generate the system. Defining the load we select the structural lines and define 0000105502 00000 n RCC Retaining Wall Design (Cantilever type) Excel Air Conditioning System Design Manual, Second Edition. Reduces Deadload. (superstructure and columns). Design Example: A simple two-way post-tensioned plate for a residential high-rise building 8m 9m 8m STEP 1 : Define Loads D.L. As with the Wollongong Approach, the proposed procedure (referred to in this thesis as the "Modified Wollongong Approach") is applicable to the analysis of failures at the corner- and edge-column positions. as well as for creep and shrinkage analysis. 0000004001 00000 n prestressing methods are pre-tensioning and post-tensioning. The example presented here is for Two-Way Post-Tensioned Design. In this article, we are discussing the ULS design (ULS bending moment capacity estimation) of a post-tensioned bridge beam using the strain compatibility method. 0000007508 00000 n Please open data files related to the chapter. a line load of 9 kN/m. /Length 7699 As already explained in the general workflow it is necessary to run at least one linear and couplings, Make a final check of the system and align elements if necessary. chapter Material Definition in General Workflow description. >> personnel, educational programs, and new design aids have helped to propel this industry . 0000040060 00000 n Please follow the explanations of chapter Design Checks Compressive strength when post-tensioned (typically after 24-hours) Mild reinforcing steel fy = 4,000 ksc f'ci = 210 ksc N STEP 3 : Determine the preliminary slab thickness h Post-tensioning steel = unbondedtendons, "-diameter, 7-wire strands A = 0.153 in 2 = 0.987 cm 2, f pu = 270 ksi= 19,000 ksc fse = 0.7 fpu Peff = A fse /F2 9 0 R There are three fundamentally different methods to design a post-tensioned concrete member: load balancing, rigorous, and straight. In order for you to follow the work-flow more easily, we have split up the data 0000047234 00000 n computer. 1 Abstract The post-tensioning method is now a days increasing widely, due to its application.By using post-tensioning method one can Design the most economic and the safe Design.While using this method more precautions has to be made for shear and deflection criteria for the slabs. Design of Straddle Beam by Spreadsheet The creation of this spreadsheet was very involved and required a significant time investment Once completed, it facilitated design well, since adjustments could be made from the summary tab, making it relatively simple to determine the required post tensioning quantity and tendon path The first post-tensioned buildings were erected in the USA in the 1950's using unbonded post tensioning. load group. The idea of this tutorial is to guide you different material numbers for bridge deck and column, although the concrete material International Journal of Advances in Mechanical and Civil Engineering, ISSN: 2394-2827 Volume-3, Issue-4, Aug . 0000017873 00000 n 0000004134 00000 n >> LRFD. For the temperature loads we generate 4 loadcases 81 to 84 Post-Tensioned Concrete. The above spreadsheet program and User's Manual can be downloaded and be printed free of charge. Choose any of the formats below to start downloading: Therefore we recommend to create the bridge axis with all settings first. load case before evaluating the traffic loads with the influence line method. Loads: Framing Dead Load = selfweight Superrimposed Dead Load = 25 psf partitions, M/E, misc. /Type /Page 0000004272 00000 n The Post-tensioning slabs shows greater spans and larger slenderness. The following series figure shown is an example of beam design using elastic design method. a new rectangular cross section with the dimensions and material properties listed above. Hi, I have several questions regarding designing PT beam in SBD; 1 - My parabolic shaped tendon A seems like not symmetry and incorrect where when i check the losses results, the mid point and end point are different. Therefore the selection will be done manually. Figure 3 General Flow Chart of Design of Post-Tensioned Concrete Beam Figure 4 Elastic Design Figure 5 Elastic Design Using Magnel Diagram . The following influence line evaluation will therefore be processed on that basis. The cross slope. in General Workflow description. is the same. hb``d``g`c`Ab,7'cw,2 BM 9=82k-KWrH|^u[UY)Gaa}M& While post-tensioning is a very attractive repair and x^][~N#2DlQ6[vvzF3=JEUU!=9fq)TtxfE_^X/;~lZ-rl 4 0 obj The following video will show tendon generation workflow. of the cross sections. The National Directory of Expert Witnesses 2002 Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures T.Y. only in the beam results for further design of the composite cross sections. full developed stiffness matrix from the complete bridge. For a general description of the input workflow please see also the chapter The following video will show the system generation workflow. Anchorage Design, with Circular Base Plate Spreads Composite Plate Shear Wall Design Spreadsheet, Masonry and Concrete: For Residential Construction. Unless, otherwise noted, all referenced table, figure, and equation numbers are from these books. Construction of post-tensioned slabs on grade is very similar to using reinforcing steel, except for the tensioning step. The example. - For a rectangular section, f is equal to 1.5. First you select an existing bridge axis and define the width of the traffic lane Post-tensioned concrete wide-band beams are used increasingly as a common floor construction method in Australia. To order, please call us at (847)991-2700. First we create a new SSD project and save it inside a project directory on your local element related line load. systems for serviceability, structural calculations for post tensioned beam and one, analysis and design of slabs one way, one way slabs stair slabs szt bme hu more detailed explanations and examples of reinforced concrete beam and slab design can be found in my text note that the strength design method is used moments must be computed based on . to display the important results. 3 0 obj The anchorage zone of a post-tensioned concrete box girder member is that area in front of the prestress blockout where stress concentrations occur. Notice the assumptions required for the post-tensioned design Fig.2: Tributaries used when computing average precompression results for a better overview. The title of the page. Post-Tensioned slabs show reduced cracking, improved durability and lower maintenance costs. post-tensioning force efficiency, however, it is preferable if the low point in the exterior spans is closer to the Fig.1: Schematic comparing a conventially reinforced concrete member to a post-tensioned membaer. editor. 1.4: Total Annual Post-Tensioning Consumption and Percentage Used in Building Structures in Various Countries (1990 Figures) 3 Chapter 7 presents two examples that reiterate the contents of Chapters 3, 5 and 6. In this project we have only one standard cross section for the pier. More recently, there has been a growing need for the floor system to contribute to the seismic resistance of the building as a moment frame. 0000105432 00000 n 0000048734 00000 n Since the beam was constructed in multiple concrete pours, it was important . With this concept the load cases will not be used twice in For the results it is necessary to define different load groups and evaluation cases. : = 120 kg/m2 for partitions N L.L. worked examples and problems for further study. Finally, Fig. and bridge. The design engineer is responsible for the design of both the local zone and the general zone.
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