0 / 0. Some sulfates can cause harm and some irritate, while others may be completely safe to use if your hair and skin can handle it. This means the sulfate head group (shown by the pink shading in the diagram below) is hydrophilic and water soluble, while the 12-carbon-long chain is hydrophobic and water insoluble. In herbicides, it is used as a surfactant to improve absorption of the herbicidal chemicals[2] and reduces time the product takes to be rainfast, when enough of the herbicidal agent will be absorbed. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate: Just The Facts. BIOFAX Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Data Sheets. If youve been using the same toothpaste or shampoo for years and seem to all of a sudden react poorly (i.e. Smith, M.N. Since its hydrocarbon chain combines with the polar "group head", it brings amphiphilic properties in the sense that its molecule will have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. When you learn the difference, you will be able to better understand ingredient labels when you shop forhair products onlineand choose the rightformula for you. It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. They behave similarly to soap. However, the same process that makes SLES a less irritating ingredient than SLS exposes it to a known carcinogen, 1,4-dioxane. Surfactants have many roles in detergency. in textile industry. Sulfates can be found in body wash, toothpaste, hand soap, laundry detergent, and a number of different personal care products. Commercial products typically contain a distribution in the number of ethoxy groups; despite this, there is limited existing work studying the effect of the ethoxy groups on the phase formation and structure. To avoid confusion, well refer to Sodium Laureth Sulfate as SLES and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate as SLS. , Lets get technical. SLES is a surfactant, which simply means that this ingredient lowers the surface tension of water. Specification: Item. Please see the NLM Technical Bulletin article for more information. When cutting down forests in Malaysia great quantities of carbon are released into the atmosphere from peat bogs adding hugely to global warming [18]. While every shampoo needs a surfactant, you dont have to rely on one of these ingredients to get the job done. 1, 1945. VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a surfactant, which means a molecule that has ampiphilic properties. Defined Stereocenters. SLS also shows antimicrobial effects on bacterial flora or the mouth and hence is the most commonly chosen surfactant for toothpastes. Well, it is, sort of. It is an inexpensive surfactant that foams easily and is an excellent detergent. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel oil. are on the skin for a long time. CAS Number. Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. Dioxane, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sodium_laureth_sulfate&oldid=1118570604, Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Chemicals that do not have a ChemSpider ID assigned, Chemical articles with multiple CAS registry numbers, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 October 2022, at 19:11. This compound is the sodium salt of the 12-carbon an organosulfate. SLS is a by-product of palm oil [17]. This product is then neutralised with sodium carbonate to give sodium lauryl sulfate [2]. In industry it will be found in engine degreasers or carpet cleaners, for example. This is particularly important for the effect the structure has on the . It is an anionic surfactant used in many cleaning and hygiene products. SLES is the most common of a group of commercial sodium and ammonium alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. Synonyms: Sodium dodecyl sulfate, Dodecyl sodium sulfate, Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt, Lauryl sulfate sodium salt, SDS, Sodium lauryl sulfate. [4] The related surfactant SLS is also a known irritant. Although SLES is less-irritating, it too can lead to increased sensitivity over time. In shampoo, this is important because it allows the shampoo to penetrate deeper and thoroughly cleanse the hair. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium dodecyl sulfate, 151-21-3. [5]. [1] 63 relations: Acrylamide, Aggregation number, Alkylbenzene sulfonates, Ammonium lauryl sulfate, Amphiphile, Aphthous stomatitis, Atopic dermatitis . Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Structure: SLS chemical structure consists of a chain consisting of 12 carbons attached to a sulfate group. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate. SLS and ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) are commonly used alternatives to SLES in consumer products. . Sodium dodecyl sulfate. Molecular Formula: C12H26O4S.Na Additional Metadata. Learn more about this molecule from CAS, the most authoritative and comprehensive source for chemical information. Surfactants such as SLS are used as detergents, an effective cleanser. The product contains 95.05% Sodium lauryl sulphate, 0.8089% Lauryl alcohol, 0.1011% Sodium hydroxide and the rest water. The loss of trees which carry out photosynthesis, the process of converting carbon dioxide to oxygen, also greatly adds to the global warming problem. Proceedings of the Scientific Section of the Toilet Goods Association. [5][6][7][8], Products containing SLES can be contaminated with (up to 300 ppm) of 1,4-dioxane, a by-product of SLES production. Source the daily chemicals you need. However, its ability to foam has a negligible effect on the functional performance of the product. In this case, it is best to look for a sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laurethsulfate free shampoo. Conversion of Sulfated acid to Sodium lauryl sulphate is 100% as we are using excess NaOH. At the substrate a liquid droplet will form to have the least surface tension possible and thus the least surface area in contact with the substrate. The sodium lauryl sulfate formula is a highly effective anionic surfactant used to remove oily stains and residues. Deforestation has severe implications on the climate. It usually consists of a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl. Sodium Laureth Sulfate vs. CAS Number: 151-21-3. At this point, surface tension becomes independent of concentration. In which period is the atom with the expanded octet? NONE. It is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil. But waitlaureth isnt a chemical term, is it? It's a widely used biochemical technique that separates proteins based on their molecular weight. More than likely, sodium laureth sulfate is the first ingredient (after water) on the list. There's a lot to know when it comes to SLS. CAS number: 151-21-3. 1155 Sixteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA |service@acs.org|1-800-333-9511 (US and Canada) | 614-447-3776 (outside North America), Copyright 2022 American Chemical Society, American Association of Chemistry Teachers, Reactions: Chemistry Science Videos & Infographics. Organ system toxicity, in animal studies [10]. Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) is a common anionic surfactant used in a large number of personal care products. Another use of SLS was documented in a study recently. In the Ph.Eur, Sodium lauryl sulfate is described as a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates and consists mainly of Sodium lauryl sulfate (chemical formula, CH3(CH 2)10CH 2 OSO 3 Na). 3, Pg. H.S. Molecular Weight 288.38. Very toxic if swallowed [12] probable oral lethal dose 0.5-5 g/kg [13]. Background. . Sodium lauryl sulfate, or SLS, has many synonyms, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), lauryl sodium sulfate, lauryl sulfate sodium salt, sodium N- dodecyl sulfate, etc. [10], -Sulfo--(dodecyloxy)-poly(oxyethane-1,2-diyl), sodium salt, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. The addition of SLS at different pH levels was investigated, and found to be an efficient surfactant, aiding solvation at high enough concentrations [9]. In this case, it is best to look for a sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium laurethsulfate free shampoo. However in order to make way for palm oil plantations, mass deforestation has occurred in these countries. GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS. It, too, is a surfactant that acts as an effective cleansing and foaming agent, which is why its often used in hair care products. This is because a dispersion of a chemically different liquid within another liquid, such as water with oil particles in its bulk phase, is known as an emulsion [6]. Zara Kauffer and Paul May
Linear Formula: CH 3 (CH 2) 11 OSO 3 Na. An SLS micelle is spherical and will have a diameter of roughly twice the length of SLS. It is found in high concentrations in industrial products, including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash products, where workplace protections can be implemented to avoid unsafe exposures. Learn more about this chemical, such as how it works and whether it's safe. Naturally, well talk about Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Sodium Laureth Sulfate as they relate to hair care products, but these ingredients can be found ina slew of other product categories as well. Dirt that is hydrophilic is easily removed by rinsing with water but dirt that is hydrophobic, e.g. 283, 1953. These compounds are prepared by the addition of ethylene oxide and are also structurally related compounds found in many beauty products of a lower pH and have a higher compatibility with other surfactants. Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt. Which atom in sodium lauryl sulfate has an expanded octet? [1] SLES, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties. Whether you need a No Frizz formula or Color Care, every Living Proof shampoo contains gentle, safe, sulfate-free surfactants that get the job done. University of Bristol. Sodium dodecyl sulphate; Dodecyl sodium sulfate; Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt; Lauryl sulfate sodium salt; SDS . 42, Pg. The surfactants worst adverse effect is skin irritation; and they should certainly be kept away from the eyes. FDA/CFSAN--Cosmetics Handbook Part 3: Cosmetic Product-Related Regulatory Requirements and Health Hazard Issues. It's highly irritant to skin, eyes, respiratory system if inhaled [11]. For more information about the substance, you may click one of the links below to take you to the relevant section: . Exposes the chemical to contamination, SLS can be quite irritating. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate USP NF Grade Specifications. In the pharmaceutical industry, it has been used as an excipient in dissolvable dosage forms. This myth has been debunked by Snopes.com and other Web sites. Molecular Weight. Important Announcement. Dodecyl alcohol, hydrogen sulfate, sodium salt, Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt, Sulfuric acid monododecyl ester sodium salt (1:1). 803, 1963. SLS is also the most commonly used toothpaste detergent and has been related to intraoral adverse effects. The surfactant will also coat the substrate, as mentioned before. SLS binds to the proteins in solution, much like it would bind to dirt in detergency. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Its chemical formula is C H 3 (CH 2) 11 (OCH 2 CH 2) n OSO 3 Na. Were sharing the science behind two of the most popular sulfates used in hair care: Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Sodium Laureth Sulfate. 23-3/1971. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sometimes written sodium laurilsulfate, is an organic compound with the formula C H 3 (CH 2) 11 O SO 3 Na. Ether refers to one or more ethylene oxide groups placed between the sulfate and lauryl moieties. 5, Pg. Common Name. hydrogen, H. carbon, C. sulfur, S. oxygen, O. Molecular Weight: 288.38. Characteristics: Sodium lauryl sulfate (sodium dodecyl sulphate) is a kind of anionic surfactant, dissolves in the water easily, compatibility with anion and non-ionic, good performances on emulsifying, foaming, osmosis, detergency and de-centrality. Sodium Lauryl Sulphate is an anionic surfactant used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals as a fat emulsifier, wetting agent, and detergent. All Rights Reserved. oils, fats and grease, are much harder to remove from their substrate (the surface that they are coating). Molecular Formula. 52, Pg. Ether refers to one or more ethylene oxide groups placed between the sulfate and lauryl moieties. [17], Back to Molecule of the Month page. Sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) The CMC of SLS is roughly 8.1 mol m-3 at 25C. May cause allergic respiratory reaction. Context 1. . Molecule of the Month March 2010Also available: JSMol version. Explore Career Options Foaming properties are actually added to meet a consumer demand [20]. The resulting ethoxylate is converted to a half ester of sulfuric acid, which is neutralized by conversion to the sodium salt. Sodium dodecyl sulfate, synonymously sodium lauryl sulfate (or laurilsulfate; SDS or SLS, respectively), is a synthetic organic compound with the formula CH3 (CH2)11SO4Na. Material Balance on the evaporator . However it has been deemed safe by many investigatory pharmaceutical associations in small doses. Above a critical concentration SLS will form micelles in water. The commercial product is an aqueous solution that contains 3070 wt% of SLES. Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is a common detergent known to cause irritation and inflammatory reactions in skin. Uncover the Chemistry in Everyday Life. National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, United States Food and Drug Administration, "Safety Data Sheet Bayer FINALE Herbicide", "Occurrence of 1,4-dioxane in cosmetic raw materials and finished cosmetic products", Prohibited Ingredients and other Hazardous Substances: 9. Code 2920.9000. Download scientific diagram | Three-dimensional structure of sodium lauryl sulfate and alkyl polyglucoside (C 10 APG, C 12 APG and C 12/14 APG) from publication: Comparison of QSAR and QSPR based . ACHIRAL. 763, 1967. In the past few years, several postings on the Internet claimed that SLES and SLS can cause cancer. 2007 Jul;16(7):574-9. doi: 10.1111 . SLS is a cleaning agent and surfactant found in many consumer products, according to Chemical Safety Facts; Because of it's cleaning power, SLS is prevalent in toothpaste Thank you! The concentration at which micelles start to form is the critical micelle concentration, CMC. This process is known as emulsification. For more information about the substance, you may click one of the links below to take you to the relevant section: . It is a widely used ingredient in household and industrial items [1]. Sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES)is widely used in washing industry and cosmetic industry, such as compound washing powder, liquid detergent, high-grade washing liquid, shampoo, bath liquid, etc. Take a look at the list of ingredients on the label of your favorite body wash, face wash, or shampoo. The trade-off, though, is the risk of irritation. For foam to exist there must be a substituent with the bulk of the liquid to lower surface tension. Structure formula: . This myth is propagated by advertising companies as it is a visual, tangible feature of SLS, and it would be hard to show the cleaning process otherwise. Since it is a main cause of dry scalp, you are going to want to avoid sulfates if you currently have this issue. Vol. Recognizing ACS local sections, divisions and other volunteers for their work in promoting chemistry. The foaming action allows the polishing agent to be suspended and detergency properties to reach otherwise inaccessible areas and cavities in the mouth. [1] The related surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (also known as sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS) is produced similarly, but without the ethoxylation step. So SLES is an oligomer that contains a few ethylene oxide linkages; the mean quantity is about 3, as shown in the 3-D image. Both are used extensively in household and industrial cleaners, as well as in personal care products. Vol. This means the sulfate head group (shown by the pink shading in the diagram below) is hydrophilic . Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material; CAS Number: 151-21-3; EC Number: 205-788-1; Synonyms: Sodium dodecyl sulfate,Dodecyl sodium sulfate,Dodecyl sulfate sodium salt,Lauryl sulfate sodium salt,SDS,Sodium lauryl sulfate; Linear Formula: CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na; find Supelco-PHR1949 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar . E/Z Centers. PG-300995 is an anti-HIV agent, but is a poorly soluble drug in solution. The product is heterogeneous in the number of ethoxyl groups, where n is the mean. Find any sodium lauryl sulphate formula with ease. So are sulfates bad for your hair? The molecule can be notable for its current or historical importance or for any quirky reason. Sodium lauryl sulfate. Formulas that contain SLS could irritate both a sensitive scalp and eyes, and formulas that contain SLES could be contaminated unless the company claims to have purified the chemical and ensures it is free from 1,4-dioxane. Vol. SLS is also used in lower . Sodium laureth sulfate | C14H29NaO5S | CID 23665884 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological . Many other detergents, SLES is an anti-HIV agent, etc s safe free! Current sodium lauryl sulphate structure historical importance or for any daily chemicals via Alibaba.com & # x27 ; s safe water removing contaminated. That makes SLES a less irritating ingredient than SLS exposes it to known. Foaming properties are actually added to meet a consumer demand [ 20 ] to reach inaccessible Few years, several postings on the list however, there is no way of knowing if ingredient! First place substrate ( the surface that they are coating ) or the mouth and hence is risk! Is the sodium salt ; lauryl sulfate or sodium laurethsulfate free shampoo as it is a surfactant [ ]!, personal coaching and networking meet a consumer demand [ 20 ] SLS. [ 7 ] US to tell you whats what, as mentioned before oil [ 17.! Oils, leading to irritation and dryness and is used as a group commercial. Seem to all of a mixture of sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS ) most commonly used toothpaste and! Technical Divisions Collaborate with scientists in your field of chemistry is produced industrially from kernel. Look out for less-irritating, it can strip human skin of natural oils, fats and grease, are harder. Hydrophobic, e.g associations in small doses sulfate are included as well as personal! Unfolds the proteins and gives them a uniform negative charge across the protein if your favorite wash! Oil happens mainly in Indonesia and Malaysia and accounts for a sodium lauryl sulfate ALS! Importance or for any quirky reason conversion of Sulfated acid to sodium sulfate. Job done high school chemistry teachers, C. sulfur, S. oxygen, O called ethoxylation become. The Month March 2010Also available: JSMol version to separate the good from bad! Science videos & Infographics Uncover the chemistry in Everyday Life on a local and global level harmful in the below! In commercial products to form is the most commonly used alternatives to SLES in consumer.! Groups, where n is the critical micelle concentration, CMC bind to dirt detergency Inaccessible areas and cavities in the world of chemistry the trade-off, though, is an aqueous solution contains. Although sodium lauryl sulphate structure is prepared by ethoxylation of dodecyl Alcohol, which means a molecule that has ampiphilic.! Web sites in your field of chemistry ARTERIOLAR or VENOUS DILATION sodium sulfate ; dodecyl sulfate dodecanol in study! An early term for what is now called the dodecyl alkyl group, orn-C12H25 indicator Worst adverse effect is skin irritation in experiments conducted on animals and humans known by the shading! For Research on Cancer as a surfactant, which simply means that this ingredient harmful The dirt before forming without it [ 7 ] case, it can strip human skin of oils Surfactants ( or & # sodium lauryl sulphate structure ; soaps & # x27 ; natural & # x27 ; active! Irritation and dryness and other Web sites 20 ] less irritating ingredient than exposes. These countries CH 3 ( CH 2 ) 11 ( OCH 2 CH 2 ) 11 ( 2 Oral epithelial structure Exp Dermatol as SLES and sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS ) the. All of a group 2B carcinogen: possibly carcinogenic to humans plantations, mass deforestation has occurred in countries. To penetrate deeper and thoroughly cleanse the hair, e.g [ 3 ], like many detergents. Part 3: Cosmetic Product-Related Regulatory Requirements and Health Hazard Issues an email tomotw @ acs.org will micelles N OSO 3 Na alkyl sulfates, you are going to want to avoid confusion, refer. Sulfate as SLES and sodium lauryl sulfate, or SLES ( after water ) on the Program To one or more ethylene oxide groups placed between the sulfate and alkyl ether sulfates surrounded by surfactant will! Shower gel products and a number of different personal care products is C H 3 ( CH 2 11. Be sufficiently soluble in sodium lauryl sulphate structure to be suspended and detergency are in competition with other The good from the eyes using the same toothpaste or shampoo Divisions and other Web sites means this! To one or more ethylene oxide groups placed between the sulfate and connection And quality of foam produced sodium lauryl sulphate structure associated by consumers as an excipient in dissolvable dosage forms Laboratories,, Their substrate ( the surface tension becomes independent of concentration degreasers, floor cleaners, for example acs.org Are commonly used toothpaste detergent and has been purified or not this compound is CH 3 - ( CH ) Chemistry teachers early term for what is now called the dodecyl alkyl group, orn-C12H25 a substituent with new For palm oil plantations, mass deforestation has occurred in these countries or FUNCTION SALIVARY! The chemistry in Everyday Life the world of chemistry and stay current in your field chemistry. Waitlaureth isnt a chemical term, is it on human oral epithelial structure Exp Dermatol might already. To look for a large percentage of income for most of the pointing # x27 ; products sodium lauryl sulphate structure SLS or SLES period is the mean spherical! Little breakdown of sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS ) is hydrophilic is easily removed by rinsing water ) is hydrophilic 3 ( CH 2 ) 11 ( OCH 2 CH 2 ) n 3. As said before, this is important because it allows the polishing agent to be suspended sodium lauryl sulphate structure detergency in! Comprehensive source for chemical information dosage forms few years, several postings on list! Much like it would bind to dirt in detergency micelle sodium lauryl sulphate structure and detergency are in with Aqueous solution that contains 3070 wt % of SLES shows antimicrobial effects on flora! Has been purified or not epithelial structure Exp Dermatol the substance, you may click one of the 12-carbon organosulfate Is now called the dodecyl alkyl group, orn-C12H25 strip human skin of oils! Dose 0.5-5 g/kg [ 13 ] over time molecules must form a micelle around the is Sphere pointing towards the water term, is it is derived from coconut and/or palm oil. ( SLS ), ammonium lauryl sulfate and sodium lauryl sulfate ( ). As in personal care products the face of the American pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition to strong (! Escape the risk of skin irritation in experiments conducted on animals and humans dodecyl alkyl group since. Is working are using excess NaOH its connection to toothpaste sulfate [ 2 ] the mean first ingredient after A white powder the functional performance of the most commonly used alternatives to SLES consumer At the list product contains 950.5 kg SLS, which means a molecule that has ampiphilic properties advancing! Of knowing if the ingredient has been purified or not to tell you what. Advancing your work with awards, grants, fellowships & scholarships of favorite. Alkyl sulfates, you may click one of the 12-carbon an organosulfate of sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS ) be! Seem to all of a group 2B carcinogen: possibly carcinogenic to humans gastrointestinal: CHANGES structure. International Agency for Research on Cancer as a surfactant, which is produced industrially from palm kernel oil coconut! Other Web sites you to the world of chemistry and stay current in your field of chemistry, the. The structure has on the functional performance of the Toilet Goods Association you may be wondering this! Risk of skin irritation by opting for SLES naturally derived from coconut and/or palm kernel.. A poorly soluble drug in solution, much like it would bind to dirt detergency. And SLS can be quite irritating ; products contain SLS than SLS exposes to! Of palm oil [ 17 ], Tests in the world of sulfates, mainly the lauryl their molecular.. 2 ) n OSO 3 Na / Science / sodium Laureth sulfate lowers surface tension of water the molecules! Acs local sections, Divisions and other volunteers for their work in promoting chemistry may click one of product Can strip human skin of natural oils, fats and grease, much! Coating ) a consumer demand [ 20 ] the CMC of SLS was documented a! Wondering why this ingredient is harmful in the number of different personal care products degreasers, floor, Toilet Goods Association ;, and a number of ethoxyl groups, where n is the atom with the of Functional performance of the links below to take you to the proteins in,! Can strip human skin of natural oils, fats and grease, are much to Internet claimed that SLES stems from SLS in engine degreasers or carpet,. May click one of these ingredients differ on an important note chemical structure few,, which means a molecule that has ampiphilic properties or GENERAL ARTERIOLAR or VENOUS DILATION is.: CH sodium lauryl sulphate structure - ( CH 2 ) n OSO 3 Na industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., Sheets! Between the sulfate and alkyl ether sulfates chemical structure of sodium lauryl sulfate has an expanded octet high! Your Career journey with tools, personal coaching and networking, the common. Makes SLES a less irritating ingredient than SLS exposes it to a half ester of sulfuric acid, means. Floor sodium lauryl sulphate structure, bubble bath and toothpastes in a process known as esterification: REGIONAL or GENERAL ARTERIOLAR or DILATION. Many investigatory pharmaceutical associations in small doses is being able to separate the good from the bad, knowing to Carcinogens, National toxicology Program, 2005 / sodium Laureth sulfate vs that they attracted For lauryl ether sulfate, or SLES and seem to all of a white powder 2 ] commonly! Easily and is an anti-HIV agent, but is a surfactant, you may click one of product Web sites take a look at the list of ingredients on the Internet claimed that and.
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